China’s EV dominance is reshaping the global automotive landscape, especially in Europe and the US, where tariffs and restrictions are intensifying. In 2025, China produced 75% of the world’s 22 million EVs, exporting a record 2.5 million—double the previous year. Chinese models captured 55% of EV sales outside Europe and USA. This panel explores how Chinese brands are navigating tariffs to expand in Western markets: localising production in Europe, forming joint ventures, pivoting to hybrids exempt from tariffs.